Are Rescue Dogs Good With Cats? It Really Depends
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As someone who has lived with numerous rescue dogs and cats over the years (currently 4 dogs and 6 cats) and been foster parent to many more, I can confidently respond to the question of whether rescue dogs are good with cats.
The answer? It depends.
While I’ve seen rescue dogs that are perfectly capable of getting along with their feline roommates, it ultimately comes down to the individual dog’s temperament, background, experience, and genetics, and the same with the cat.
Some rescue dogs may be fearful of cats, while others may be all too eager to play or chase them.
Some cats will be fearful of dogs, so you have to factor that in too.
So if you’re considering adopting a rescue dog and already have a cat at home, take heart: with time, patience, and proper introductions, there’s a good chance the pup can become best friends with your kitty.
Or at least a friendly acquaintance.
Key Takeaways
- Understanding the individual temperament and needs of rescue dogs is crucial to ensuring a successful adoption and integration into your home.
- Introducing a new dog into a household with a cat requires time, patience, and careful management to ensure the safety and well-being of both animals.
- With proper training and socialization, rescue dogs and cats can usually build positive relationships and live together harmoniously.
Understanding Rescue Dogs
Rescue dogs come in all shapes and sizes, from a variety of backgrounds, and with a whole range of different life experiences.
They may have been surrendered by their previous owners, found as strays, or rescued from puppy mills or abusive situations.
Because of this, their personalities and behavior can vary greatly.
Impact Of Past Experiences On Behavior
A rescue dog’s past experiences can have a significant impact on her behavior.
For example:
- A dog that was previously abused may be fearful or aggressive toward humans.
- A dog that was never properly socialized may have difficulty interacting with other dogs or people.
- A dog who is used to living outdoors may be terrified of everything when she lands in a home environment.
Some rescue dogs may have experience of having cats around, but many others will not.
Even then, there’s no guarantee.
Our Greek rescue dog Esme spent a few months in a foster home with other cats and would curl up and sleep next to them.
But when we adopted her, it still took time for her to get to know her new cat siblings, and to learn that she didn’t need to chase them out of her territory.
Patience, And Understanding
When adopting a rescue dog, patience and understanding are essential.
Most likely, your new pet will take time to adjust to her new home and family, and she may exhibit some negative behaviors as she acclimates.
I have experienced all sorts of responses over the years, including extreme fear, shutdown behavior, hyperactivity, chronic stress, separation anxiety, and inappropriate toileting.
The good news is, many of these issues can be overcome naturally if you just give your rescue dog a little time to adjust at her own pace.
Proper Training
Appropriate training (i.e. positive reinforcement training methods) is also helpful for helping your rescue dog become a well-mannered and happy member of your family.
This may involve basic manners training, socialization with other dogs and people (at your dog’s pace), and addressing any specific behavior issues that arise – with the help of a positive reinforcement dog training professional if necessary.
Overcoming Stress
Often, rescue dogs are already highly stressed when they first find themselves in a new home and, more than anything else, just need some time to relax and decompress.
Many dogs will have come from an extremely stressful situation, like a noisy barky shelter, an unsafe, impoverished environment, or an abusive home.
Bear in mind too that your newly adopted dog has absolutely no control over her situation.
She doesn’t know what is happening, where she is, or – crucially – if she is even safe.
Not just that, but she suddenly finds herself in unfamiliar surroundings, with new people, strange scents and sounds, and perhaps children or other pets that she is just not used to.
It’s a lot to take on, and those early days are not the time to start trying to teach your new pup lots of new things.
Or how to get along with the resident cat, for that matter.
That can all come later.
Please trust me on this.
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Time
I see so many people introducing their stressed/anxious/hyper/terrified rescue dog to their entire new family, including pets, as soon as they get to their new home.
Yet you can see that the dog is in complete overwhelm and quietly freaking out.
So while your rescue dog is first settling into her new home, focus on providing her with plenty of opportunities to relax and feel safe and – crucially – give her plenty of alone time so she can regroup.
I cover this in great detail in my article 20 Tips On How To Get A Scared Dog To Trust You, so do take a look if you have a moment.
Understanding Cats
Cats, while known for their independent natures, are perfectly capable of being social and they often form strong bonds with both humans and other pets.
At the same time, they are territorial animals that may become stressed or anxious by changes in their environment – for example, moving house, or even just moving the furniture around.
The arrival of a new dog in the house can be particularly disruptive, especially if you have a shy cat who is more timid in nature or has had no prior experience with dogs.
Fear And Aggression
Some cats may hiss, growl, or swat at a new dog, especially if they feel threatened.
And it’s impossible to predict how the dog will respond.
Fear is at the root of aggressive behavior more often than not, and this is something we want to avoid at all costs.
Cats are predators as we all know, but they are also prey animals.
This means your cat may be wary of your new rescue dog – especially if the dog has a tendency to try to play with the cat, or worse, chase him.
Our cat Kasper was rescued from a Dubai golf course where he had been attacked by a fox.
When we adopted him, he was extremely wary of our large Romanian rescue dog, Roman, who is the same rusty red color as a fox.
It required time and a very careful introduction with controlled exposures for him to learn that Roman was no threat.
Introducing A Rescue Dog To Your Cat
Introducing a new dog into a household with a cat requires careful management to ensure the safety and well-being of both animals.
In my experience, the most important factor when introducing a rescue dog to the resident cat (or cats) starts with giving her time to adjust and become comfortable in her new surroundings.
It can take at least a few days, if not weeks or even months, for a rescue dog to transition to her new home and start feeling relaxed.
But it’s essential to give her as much time as she needs rather than try to rush the process.
In the long term, this will give you far greater success.
#1. Prepare The Environment
Before introducing your new dog to your resident cat, you should prepare your home environment.
Ensure that your new dog has a separate safe space (ideally a spare bedroom or bathroom where you can lock the door) where she can relax.
Provide all the resources she needs and make sure they are easily accessible.
For example, a food bowl, water bowl, cozy bed, puppy pads, toys, and safe chewies.
Your cat meanwhile, should have access to all her usual resources, including her favorite cat food, fresh water, litter box, scratching post, toys, bedding, a hiding place (a cardboard box is ideal), and some vertical space (like a high shelf or a cat tree) in a separate area (or areas) of the home.
Each area should be out of each other’s reach to minimize the risk of any conflict arising.
The main priority is to make sure both animals feel safe.
If they feel safe, then they can relax.
If they can relax, they can start learning new things – including how to be calm around each other.
#2. Introduce Scent Swapping
Both cats and dogs have a powerful sense of smell, so it is more than likely they are both well aware of another animal’s presence in the house even if they are separated.
They have probably heard each other too, especially if the pup has been barking or whining, or your cat has a loud meow.
Scent swapping is a valuable technique when introducing a new rescue dog to a resident cat.
It involves exchanging scents between the dog and cat before their initial face-to-face interaction.
By allowing them to become familiar with each other’s scents, it helps create a sense of recognition and reduces potential anxiety, fear, or aggression during their first meeting.
Scent swapping can be done by using separate bedding or blankets and swapping them between the dog and cat’s areas every day or two.
Additionally, rubbing a cloth on one animal and then presenting it to the other allows them to sniff and become accustomed to their scent.
You can also allow your cat to sniff around the dog’s room when the pup is out for a walk or a potty break.
#3. Controlled Visual Introduction
After a few days, you can usually start allowing the dog and cat to see each other from a distance, using a leash or dog gate for safety.
This will help them get used to each other’s presence without the risk of physical harm.
Note: Baby gates are good alternatives for physical barriers if you don’t have a dog gate.
For additional safety, depending on the dog, you could also have her on a harness and leash.
Reward both animals with delicious treats while they can see each other, so they start learning to associate positive experiences when the other pet is in the vicinity.
It’s essential to reward both animals for calm behavior.
Exposures can be extremely short – even just a few seconds.
#4. Learn How To Read Dog And Cat Body Language
Watch carefully for signs of discomfort in either animal and end the interaction immediately if you see anything.
In fact, try to end the interaction before you get to that point.
It’s always better to break it off too soon rather than too late.
A good few seconds are far preferable to a stressful, anxiety-ridden two minutes.
Dogs and cats have different body language cues, so it’s important to familiarize yourself with them to ensure a smooth introduction process.
These graphics from renowned author and artist Lil Chin will help you know exactly what to look for.
Your goal is to always end any interaction well before you see any signs of fear, stress, or over-excitement in either pet.
Bottom line: always aim to end on a good note when everyone is calm (including you!).
#5. Desensitization And Counterconditioning
The fancy name for all this is desensitization and counterconditioning.
All this means is that you are gradually helping the animals get used to each other, while making sure that each experience or interaction is a positive one.
At this stage, just keep on exposing your new rescue dog to your cat while rewarding them both for calm behavior.
Based on their responses, you can start increasing the length of their interactions and decreasing the distance between them
If either of them wants to stop or leave the area, respect their decision and allow them to do so.
In the same way, it’s important that your cat has access to vertical space and hiding spots in a safe place he can retreat to if he chooses, to help him feel more secure and minimize stress levels.
The goal is to keep everyone calm at all times.
The calmer they both are, the more they will use their rational brains – instead of allowing their emotions take over.
This is a key part of any introduction process and how you set your pets up for success.
You are playing the long game here, not homing in for a quick win.
#6. Gradual Physical Interaction
Once you have made good progress and both animals are consistently remaining calm when they see each other, you can allow them to get close enough to sniff each other through the barrier.
Eventually, you’ll be able to introduce supervised face-to-face meetings where they have controlled access to each other.
It’s best to keep your dog on a harness and leash to ensure everyone’s safety and, again, reward for calm behavior and end interactions on a positive note.
How long this takes is entirely up to the cat and dog, so always work to their timeline (and not yours!)
#7. Safety First – Always
Never leave your new rescue dog and your cat alone together until you’re confident that they feel comfortable around each other and will stay safe.
At the same time, always supervise their interactions and be prepared to separate them if necessary.
Even now, after many years of living with multiple rescue cats and dogs, we put up a dog gate when we go on longer outings.
Just in case.
It’s always better to be safe than sorry.
#8. Monitor And Adjust
Continue to evaluate your dog’s behavior, body language, and reactions to your cat.
And the same for the kitty.
Constantly adjust the pace of interactions as needed, based on the comfort levels of both animals.
Above all, make sure everyone stays safe, be patient, and don’t rush the introduction process.
#9. Stick To A Routine
During the transitional period, it’s important to provide a consistent routine for both your cat and your rescue dog, including feeding times, litter box cleaning/toilet breaks, and playtimes.
This will help them feel safe, secure, and more in control of their environment.
There’s nothing worse than not knowing what to expect or when to expect it, so sticking to a daily routine can go a long way to reducing both animals’ stress levels.
#10. Work To The Animals’ Timeline
I’ve said it before and I’ll say it again!
Working to the animals’ timeline is the secret sauce and your key to long-term success
It’s far better not to rush things and essential to not push them into interactions before they are ready.
Instead, let them dictate the pace and celebrate any successes, no matter how small.
It may seem laborious, but in the end, you’ll be glad you persisted.
Factors To Consider Before Adopting
Adopting a rescue dog from your local animal shelter (or beyond) is a wonderful way to provide a loving home to one of the many homeless pets who end up in rescue – through no fault of their own.
However, it’s important to make sure that the dog you choose is a good fit for your family and lifestyle.
Consider the following:
- Your Current Pet: If you have an existing cat, it’s important to find a dog that can coexist peacefully with feline companions.
- Your Home Environment: If you have small children or other small animals like rabbits or guinea pigs, it’s important to ensure that the dog you adopt won’t pose any threat to their safety.
- Your Lifestyle: Different dogs have different temperaments and energy levels. Make sure to choose a dog that fits your lifestyle and activity level.
Previous Exposure To Cats
Before adopting a rescue dog, inquire about her history with cats.
If possible, assess any known behaviors or reactions towards cats.
This information can help determine whether the dog is a good fit for your household.
Behavioral Assessments
Consult with your local shelter or rescue staff to gather insights about the dog’s behavior.
Be aware that a dog’s breed/genetics may play a role in her potential compatibility with cats.
Temperament Evaluation
Many shelters and rescues conduct temperament tests in an effort to determine a dog’s personality.
But keep in mind that rescue dogs are more than likely to behave differently in a home environment than in the shelter.
According to pioneering veterinarian and applied animal behaviorist, Dr. Karen Overall (qtd. in Nilson), the temperament tests conducted by shelters are “not worth the paper they’re written on,” and I’m inclined to agree.
Time and time again I have seen rescue dogs come out of their shells once they learn they are safe, start to relax, bond with their new family members, and their true personalities can finally start to come out.
Basic Manners Training
Teaching your rescue dog basic manners is essential when introducing them to a cat.
Verbal cues like “sit,” “stay,” “stop,” “come back,” and “leave it” can help you better control the environment and manage interactions safely.
Training your dog to reliably respond to these cues can help prevent any potential conflicts between the dog and cat.
Positive Reinforcement
I’ve already mentioned this, but positive reinforcement is the best way to encourage good behavior in your rescue dog.
- Utilize rewards and praise to reinforce desired behaviors, such as calm, relaxed behavior around the cat.
- Reward the cat for calm behavior as well.
- Use a calm, upbeat, friendly tone of voice to create a positive atmosphere during interactions between the two animals.
Common Challenges and Solutions
If you’re considering adopting a rescue dog and you already have a cat in your home, it’s important to be aware of some of the common challenges that may arise.
Territorial Behavior
Cats and dogs can be very territorial, and introducing a new companion animal into the home can be stressful for both animals.
It’s important to create separate spaces for each pet to avoid conflicts over territory.
This will give them the opportunity to retreat to their own space when they need a break.
Resource Guarding
Some dogs guard their food, toys, humans, or resting areas, which can cause conflicts if your cat inadvertently gets too close.
Note that resource guarding is a very common canine behavior, and dogs should not be punished for it.
To prevent resource-related conflicts, carefully manage your dog’s resources if she shows a tendency towards guarding.
So it’s best to feed your pets in separate areas, provide multiple water and food bowls, and give them each their own bed.
If a dog’s resource guarding becomes an issue, an accredited positive reinforcement training professional will be able to guide you through a protocol to help.
Prey Drive And Chasing Behavior
Some dogs have a strong prey drive and may chase your cat, which can be dangerous for the kitty.
Not to mention, highly stressful.
To prevent chasing, you can redirect your dog’s focus by calling her name or throwing a toy or treat in another direction.
You can also keep a hold of your dog’s leash to keep her close to you when your cat is around.
Try to keep the leash loose, rather than pulling your dog into you on a short leash.
You want her to choose not to chase the cat, not restrain her so she has no other choice, which will just be frustrating.
Building Positive Relationships
Finally, here are a few tips to help you foster a harmonious relationship between your rescue dog and cat:
Environmental Enrichment
Providing mental and physical stimulation for both your dog and cat can help them adjust to each other’s presence.
This can include offering puzzle toys, scratching posts, interactive play, and climbing trees for your cat, and puzzle toys, play time, scent games, and regular exercise for your dog.
By keeping both pets mentally and physically engaged, you can reduce the likelihood of destructive behavior and increase the likelihood of a positive relationship.
Individual Attention
It’s important to give each pet individual attention to make sure their species-specific needs are met.
This can include quality time, interactive play, and affection.
Seeking Professional Help
If you are encountering difficulties in the introduction process or managing behavior between your rescue dog and cat, seeking professional help can be a good idea.
A canine behavior consultant or positive reinforcement trainer can help you develop a plan to manage your dog’s behavior and work towards a peaceful coexistence with her new feline companion.
Adoption fees and ongoing medical care for your pets can add up, so make sure you budget accordingly.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can Rescue Dogs Coexist Peacefully With Cats?
Yes, rescue dogs can coexist peacefully with cats.
However, it is important to remember that each dog and cat is unique, and their individual personalities and past experiences can impact their ability to get along.
Some dogs may have a strong prey drive and see cats as something to chase, while others may be more laid-back and accepting of feline companions.
What Should I Consider Before Adopting A Rescue Dog If I Have A Cat?
Before adopting a rescue dog if you have a cat, it is important to consider the dog’s breed, age, and temperament.
Some breeds are known to be more cat-friendly than others, while calmer dogs may be more adaptable to living with cats than high-energy dogs.
It is also important to consider the dog’s past experiences with cats and whether they have a history of aggression towards them.
What Breeds Of Rescue Dogs Are Known To Be Good With Cats?
According to the American Kennel Club, dog breeds that are known to be good with cats include the Bichon Frise, Beagle, Bulldog, Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Collie, Papillon, Pug, Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever, and Basset Hound.
Regardless of breed, each dog is unique, and their individual personality and past experiences can impact their ability to get along with cats.
How Can I Introduce My Rescue Dog To My Cat?
Introducing a rescue dog to a cat should be done slowly and carefully.
It is important to keep the dog on a leash or behind a dog gate during the initial introduction and to supervise all interactions between the two animals.
Gradually increase the amount of time the animals spend together, and reward positive interactions with treats and praise.
What Are Some Tips For Helping A Cat And Dog Get Along In A Rescue Situation?
Some tips for helping a cat and dog get along in a rescue situation include keeping them separated during the initial introduction, providing each animal with their own space and resources, and rewarding positive interactions between the two.
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Resources
- Dogs That Are Good With Cats – Stephanie Gibeault
- PPG Summit 2016: Beyond Dominance – Susan Nilson
NEED A DOG TRAINER OR BEHAVIOR EXPERT? If you need more help dealing with a training or behavior issue, please find professional help from a force-free dog trainer who can consult with you either in person or remotely. GOOD PLACES TO START ARE: - COAPE Association of Pet Behaviourists and Trainers - Pet Dog Trainers of Europe - International Companion Animal Network - Institute of Modern Dog Trainers - Pet Professional Guild All dog owners deserve to have successful relationships with their canine companions!
